Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the whole grain pasta and cook according to package instructions until al dente. About 2 minutes before the pasta is done, add the broccoli florets to the pot.
Once the pasta and broccoli are cooked, drain them together in a colander and set aside.
In the same pot, heat the olive oil over medium heat. Add the minced garlic and red pepper flakes, sautéing until fragrant, about 1-2 minutes. Be careful not to burn the garlic.
Return the drained pasta and broccoli to the pot with the garlic. Add the lemon zest and juice, mixing well to combine.
If using, sprinkle the grated Parmesan cheese over the pasta, stirring until melted and evenly distributed. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Serve immediately, garnished with fresh basil leaves for a pop of color and flavor.
Notes
Adjust red pepper flakes to taste for spice preference.